Sri Ram, the seventh avatar of Lord Vishnu, is one of the most revered figures in Hinduism. His life and deeds, chronicled in the Ramayana, are a source of spiritual wisdom and inspiration. But his departure from the mortal world is equally significant and steeped in profound symbolism. Let us delve into the events surrounding Sri Ram's death, as narrated in Hindu scriptures, with references to Sanskrit shlokas and their interpretations.
The Context of Sri Ram's Departure
Sri Ram's departure from Earth is described in the Uttarakanda of the Ramayana. This event is referred to as his “Mahaprasthana” (great journey) or “Jal Samadhi” (water immersion). It signifies the fulfillment of his divine mission and the return to his eternal abode, Vaikuntha.
The Provocation: The Curse of Sage Durvasa
According to the Ramayana and other Puranic texts like the Padma Purana, Sri Ram’s departure was preordained. A pivotal incident involves Sage Durvasa, known for his temper. When Durvasa arrived at the palace, he demanded immediate attention. Lakshman, bound by Sri Ram’s orders to ensure no one disturbs him during a private meeting, hesitated. This hesitation led to a curse that ultimately set the stage for Sri Ram’s departure.
The Ascension to Sarayu River
Sri Ram, aware of his divine purpose, decided to renounce his earthly responsibilities. Gathering the citizens of Ayodhya at the banks of the Sarayu River, he announced his intention to leave. The Valmiki Ramayana describes this moment in a poignant shloka:
विवासित्य ध्यान् रामो यति जीविते जनार्दन् | योग्य सिम्प्लावेत् सार्यू महान्दृग्न् ||
Vivasita dhyan Ram yatijivite janardan | Yogyasimplavet Sarayu Mahandrgun ||
Translation: “Sri Ram, meditating on his divine essence, walked into the sacred Sarayu River to merge with eternity.”
Jal Samadhi: The Final Act
As Sri Ram stepped into the river, he assumed his divine form of Vishnu. Witnesses, including sages, citizens, and deities, watched in awe as the river embraced him. This act of Jal Samadhi signifies his transcendence beyond life and death.
The Vishnu Purana elaborates on this:
सर्वझीव चैतन् योगा मनोगतामृति दिव्यम् | सारयू मित्योन् राम विष्णोय मोवे ||
Translation: “The eternal Ram merged with the infinite waters of Sarayu, uniting with Vishnu in his true divine essence.”
Symbolism of Sri Ram’s Departure
Sri Ram’s death is not merely an end; it is a transition from earthly duties to eternal existence. It underscores the impermanence of life and the ultimate goal of attaining liberation (moksha). His departure also reflects the fulfillment of Dharma, as he leaves behind a legacy of righteousness.
Legacy and Reverence
Sri Ram’s departure is commemorated in temples and scriptures. It serves as a reminder of the ideals he upheld. Devotees continue to chant his name, believing in its power to lead one to salvation:
“श्री राम जय रामो जयन्तान् योग्य मुक्ति स्वार्कोग्रताम् |
Translation: “Victory to Sri Ram! The one who chants his name crosses the ocean of existence.”
Conclusion
Sri Ram’s death, as described in the Ramayana and other Hindu scriptures, is a profound spiritual event. Rooted in Dharma and devotion, it exemplifies the journey from mortality to eternity. By studying these sacred texts and shlokas, devotees can gain deeper insights into the divine life and mission of Sri Ram.
May his teachings guide us all toward righteousness and liberation.
